Cervical polyps are tumors that develop in the cervix and are often asymptomatic. The shape is elongated with brittle structures that grow from the surface of the cervix or the inside of the cervical canal. Although some cervical cancers initially look like polyps, cervical polyps are generally benign and do not contain cancer cells.
The cervix or cervix is a narrow channel under the uterus that extends to the vagina. This part connects the upper part of the vagina with the cervical canal, which serves as the entrance of sperm to fertilize the egg so that pregnancy occurs.
The cause of cervical polyps is not completely known. Apart from infection, this condition can also be triggered by chronic inflammation, an abnormal response to the hormone estrogen, or by blockage of blood vessels around the cervix. In addition, most people experience one, two or at most three polyps, ranging in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters.
Most people with cervical polyps experience no symptoms. This condition is generally only known at the time of examination in the cervix or pap smear. While in a small proportion of people with cervical polyps, symptoms that can appear include:
- Postmenopausal bleeding or between menstrual periods.
- Bleeding after sexual intercourse.
- Menstruation with more volume than usual.
- White or yellow vaginal discharge that may smell due to infection.
- Women aged 21-29 years, every 3 years.
- Women aged 30-65 years, every 3-5 years.
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